getElementsByName()

Introduction to JavaScript getElementsByName() method

Every element on an HTML document may have a name attribute:

<input type="radio" name="language" value="JavaScript">Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

Unlike the id attribute, multiple HTML elements can share the same value of the name attribute like this:

<input type="radio" name="language" value="JavaScript">
<input type="radio" name="language" value="TypeScript">Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

To get all elements with a specified name, you use the getElementsByName() method of the document object:

let elements = document.getElementsByName(name);Code language: JavaScript (javascript)

The getElementsByName() accepts a name which is the value of the name attribute of elements and returns a live NodeList of elements.

The return collection of elements is live. It means that the return elements are automatically updated when elements with the same name are inserted and/or removed from the document.

JavaScript getElementsByName() example

The following example shows a radio group that consists of radio buttons that have the same name (rate).

When you select a radio button and click the submit button, the page will show the selected value such as Very Poor, Poor, OK, Good, or Very Good:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript getElementsByName Demo</title>
</head>

<body>
    <p>Please rate the service:</p>
    <p>
        <label for="very-poor">
            <input type="radio" name="rate" value="Very poor" id="very-poor"> Very poor
        </label>
        <label for="poor">
            <input type="radio" name="rate" value="Poor" id="poor"> Poor
        </label>
        <label for="ok">
            <input type="radio" name="rate" value="OK" id="ok"> OK
        </label>
        <label for="good">
            <input type="radio" name="rate" value="Good"> Good
        </label>
        <label for="very-good">
            <input type="radio" name="rate" value="Very Good" id="very-good"> Very Good
        </label>
    </p>
    <p>
        <button id="btnRate">Submit</button>
    </p>
    <p id="output"></p>
    <script>
        let btn = document.getElementById('btnRate');
        let output = document.getElementById('output');

        btn.addEventListener('click', () => {
            let rates = document.getElementsByName('rate');
            rates.forEach((rate) => {
                if (rate.checked) {
                    output.innerText = `You selected: ${rate.value}`;
                }
            });

        });
    </script>
</body>

</html>Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

How it works:

  • First, select the submit button by its id btnRate using the getElementById() method.

  • Second, listen to the click event of the submit button.

  • Third, get all the radio buttons using the getElementsByName() and show the selected value in the output element.

Notice that you will learn about events like click later. For now, you just need to focus on the getElementsByName() method.

Summary

  • The getElementsByName() returns a live NodeList of elements with a specified name.

  • The NodeList is an array-like object, not an array object.

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